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·药事管理·


          国家集中带量采购药品的短缺情况分析与对策建议
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                                          1 #
                 1*
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          周德雨 ，蒯丽萍 ，徐冬艳 ，田丽娟 （1.沈阳药科大学工商管理学院，沈阳 110016；2.中国药学会科技开发中
                          2
          心，北京 100022）
          中图分类号  R951      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408（2023）07-0769-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.07.01

          摘  要  目的  分析国家集中带量采购（以下简称“集采”）药品在医疗机构的短缺情况及原因，为优化集采规则和完善药品短缺供
          应保障体系提出对策建议。方法  提取全国医药信息网短缺数据库2019年1月－2021年12月前5批集采药品的短缺信息，对短
          缺频次、短缺品种及短缺原因等进行描述性统计分析。结果与结论  前5批国家集采落地后中选品规药品及中选企业药品短缺报
          告频次均明显增加，且以中选企业药品短缺报告为主。中选企业药品部分品种在集采落地短期内短缺情况明显，多为临床常用药
          品。集采药品短缺的发生受生产、流通、使用各环节的影响，短缺原因复杂多样，原料药短缺或垄断为主要因素。为保障国家集采
          药品的供应，建议科学评估企业断供风险，进一步优化集采规则，完善药品短缺报告制度，并关注集采重点药品供应情况；此外，医
          疗机构应在政策范围内采取多种措施，灵活应对药品短缺的问题，以免贻误患者治疗。
          关键词  药品短缺；国家集中带量采购；集采药品；供应保障

          Analysis  of  the  shortage  of  drugs  in  national  centralized  volume-based  procurement  and  countermeasures
          and suggestions
                                                               1
                                                 2
          ZHOU Deyu ，KUAI Liping ，XU Dongyan ，TIAN Lijuan（1.  School  of  Business  Administration，  Shenyang
                     1
                                   2
          Pharmaceutical  University，  Shenyang  110016，  China；2.  Science  and Technology  Development  Center，  Chinese
          Pharmaceutical Association， Beijing 100022， China）
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  analyze  the  situation  and  causes  of  the  shortage  of  drugs  in  centralized  volume-based
          procurement，  and  to  put  forward  countermeasures  and  suggestions  for  optimizing  centralized  procurement  rules  and  improving  the
          drug  shortage  supply  guarantee  system.  METHODS  The  shortage  data  of  the  first  five  batches  of  centralized  purchasing  drugs
          during  January  2019  and  December  2021  were  collected  from  the  Shortage  Database  of  Chinese  medicine  economic  information；
          descriptive  statistical  analysis  was  performed  for  shortage  frequency，  varieties  and  reasons.  RESULTS  &  CONCLUSIONS After
          the  first  five  batches  of  centralized  volumetric  procurement  policy  landed，  the  frequency  of  drug  shortage  reported  for  selected
          specifications  and  selected  enterprises  increased  significantly，  mainly  drug  shortage  of  selected  enterprises.  The  shortage  of  some
          varieties  from  selected  enterprises  in  the  short  term  was  obvious，  and  most  of  them  were  commonly  used  clinical  drugs.  The
          occurrence of drug shortages was affected by various links such as the production， circulation and use， and the main reasons were
          shortage or monopoly of raw materials. In order to ensure the drugs supply， the government should scientifically assess the risk of
          production  interruption  of  enterprises，  further  optimize  centralized  procurement  rules，  improve  the  reporting  system  for  drug
          shortages，  and  attach  importance  to  the  supply  of  key  drugs；  in  addition，  hospitals  should  take  a  variety  of  measures  within  the
          scopes of policies to flexibly respond to drug shortages so as to avoid delaying the treatment of patients.
          KEYWORDS    drug shortage； national centralized volume-based procurement； centralized purchasing drugs； supply support



              为破除“以药养医”，减轻患者的用药负担，我国政                        施药品带量采购是完善公立医院药品供应保障制度、破
          府积极探索药品采购模式改革，以降低“虚高”药价。实                          除“以药补医”、深化综合医改的重要改革措施 。2018
                                                                                                     [1]
                                                             年 11 月，“4+7”城市药品集中带量采购（以下简称“集
             Δ 基金项目 辽 宁 省 科 学 事 业 公 益 研 究 基 金 资 助 项 目（No.
          20170018）                                          采”）试点工作启动，标志着集采正式拉开序幕。截至
             ＊第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向：药事法规与药物政策。                     2022 年 2 月，我国已经连续开展 6 批 7 轮集采，共采购
          E-mail：2423467896@qq.com
                                                             234种药品，中选药品价格平均降幅达53%，涉及市场金
             # 通信作者 副教授，硕士生导师，博士。研究方向：药事法规与药
          物政策。E-mail：tianlijuan_8@126.com                    额约占公立医疗机构化学药和生物药采购金额的30%，


          中国药房  2023年第34卷第7期                                                 China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 7    · 769 ·
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