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蒙特卡罗模拟评估肾功能不全老年患者使用美罗培南的给药方

          案
              Δ


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                 1*
          叶红波 ,宋洋洋 ,芮建中 (1.安吉县中医医院西药房,浙江 湖州 313100;2.解放军东部战区总医院临床药
          学科,南京 210002)
          中图分类号  R969.3      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)02-0190-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.02.12

          摘   要  目的  探讨美罗培南在肾功能不全的老年患者中合适的给药方案。方法  采用美罗培南在老年患者中的二房室群体药
          动学参数进行蒙特卡罗模拟,模型纳入肾功能对参数的影响,设计给药剂量为0.5、1、2 g,给药方式为静脉注射(持续6 min)和静脉
          滴注(0.5、3 h),给药频率为q12 h、q8 h,共计18种给药方案组合,分别计算%fT>4MIC≥40%和Cmin≤27.5 mg/L的达标概率,以优选给
          药方案。结果  对于肌酐清除率(CLcr)≤40 mL/min的老年患者,最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为1 mg/L时,推荐的给药方案是“0.5 g,静
          脉滴注0.5 h,q12 h”“1 g,静脉注射,q12 h”;MIC为2 mg/L时,推荐的给药方案是“0.5 g,静脉注射,q8 h”“1 g,静脉滴注0.5 h,q12
          h”;MIC为4、8 mg/L时,推荐的给药方案是“1 g(或2 g),静脉注射,q8 h”。对于CLcr为50 mL/min的老年患者,MIC为1 mg/L时,推
          荐的给药方案是“0.5 g,静脉注射,q8 h”“1 g,静脉注射,q12 h”;MIC为2、4、8 mg/L时,推荐的给药方案是“0.5 g(或1 g,或2 g),静
          脉滴注0.5 h,q8 h”。上述所有方案的达标概率都在96.6%及以上。“2 g,静脉注射或静脉滴注0.5 h,q8 h”的给药方案在1 000次模
          拟中,约有40次模拟出现Cmin>27.5 mg/L的情况,可能出现神经系统不良反应。结论  对于肾功能不全老年患者,美罗培南给药
          方案应以CLcr=40 mL/min为界进行相应调整,同时警惕神经系统毒性。
          关键词  美罗培南;蒙特卡罗模拟;二房室;肾功能不全;老年患者

          Evaluation  of  the  dosing  regimen  of  meropenem  in  elderly  patients  with  renal  insufficiency  with  Monte
          Carlo simulation
          YE Hongbo ,SONG Yangyang ,RUI Jianzhong (1.  Western  Medicine  Pharmacy,  Anji  County  Hospital  of
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                     1
                                                      2
          Traditional  Chinese  Medicine,  Zhejiang  Huzhou  313100,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Clinical  Pharmacy,  General
          Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  explore  the  appropriate  dosing  regimen  of  meropenem  in  the  elderly  with  renal  insufficiency.
          METHODS The meropenem population pharmacokinetics of the two-compartment model of elderly patients were applied for Monte
          Carlo  simulation. The  model  included  the  effect  of  renal  function  on  the  parameters. The  designed  dosages  were  0.5,  1,  2  g;  the
          administration  modes  included  intravenous  injection (lasting  for  6  min)  and  intravenous  drip (0.5,  3  h);  the  administration
          frequencies were q12 h, q8 h. A total of 18 dosing regimens were designed. The probability of target attainment of %fT>4MIC≥40%
          and  Cmin≤27.5  mg/L  were  calculated  respectively  to  optimize  the  dosing  regimen.  RESULTS  For  elderly  patients  with  creatinine
          clearance (CLcr) ≤40 mL/min, when the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was equaled to 1 mg/L, the suggested dosing
          regimens were “0.5 g, intravenous drip 0.5 h, q12 h” “1 g, intravenous injection, q12 h”. When the MIC was equaled to 2 mg/L,
          the suggested dosing regimens were “0.5 g, intravenous injection, q8 h” “1 g, intravenous drip 0.5 h, q12 h”. When the MIC was
          equaled to 4, 8 mg/L, the suggested dosing regimens were “1 g (or 2 g), intravenous injection, q8 h”. For elderly patients with
          CLcr equal to 50 mL/min, when the MIC was equaled to 1 mg/L, the suggested dosing regimens were “0.5 g, intravenous injection,
          q8 h”“1 g, intravenous injection, q12 h”. When the MIC was equal to 2, 4, 8 mg/L,the suggested dosing regimens were“0.5 g (or 1
          g, or 2 g), intravenous drip for 0.5 h, q8 h”. The appropriate dosing regimens of all the above protocols were above 96.6%. In the
          dosing  regimen  of “2  g,intravenous  injection  or  intravenous  drip  0.5  h,  q8  h”,  Cmin>27.5  mg/L  occurred  in  40  times  among  the
          1 000 times of simulation, indicating adverse reactions of the nervous system may occur. CONCLUSIONS For the elderly patients
          with  renal  insufficiency,  the  dosing  regimen  of  meropenem  should  be  adjusted  accordingly  with  CLcr=40  mL/min  as  the
                                                              boundary,  and  the  toxicity  of  nervous  system  should  be
              Δ 基金项目 浙江省湖州市科学技术局项目(No.2020GY82)
                                                              considered at the same time.
             *第一作者 副主任药师,硕士。研究方向:群体药动学。E-mail:
          yhb5442387@163.com                                  KEYWORDS    meropenem;  Monte  Carlo  simulation;  two-
              # 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:群体药动学。                  compartment;   renal   insufficiency;   elderly   patients;
          E-mail:ruijianzhong@126.com                         neurotoxicity


          · 190 ·    China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 2                               中国药房  2023年第34卷第2期
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