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·药事管理·


        基于政策工具的我国儿童用药政策分析                                            Δ


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        荣红国   1,2,3* ,李 琪 ,董 玥 ,夏如玉 ,费宇彤 (1. 北京中医药大学中医学院,北京 100029;2. 北京中医
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        药大学国际循证中医药研究院,北京 100029;3.北京中医药大学国家中医药发展与战略研究院,北京
        100029)

        中图分类号 R951          文献标志码 A          文章编号 1001-0408(2022)14-1665-06
        DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.14.01

        摘  要   目的 为我国儿童用药领域相关政策的调整和优化提供依据。方法 以“儿童”“儿科”“药品”为关键词检索国务院、国家卫
        生健康委员会、国家医疗保障局、国家市场监督管理总局等相关部委官方网站,收集2010年1月1日-2021年12月31日我国国家
        层面出台的儿童用药相关政策。采用内容分析法对纳入研究政策文件中所运用的政策工具进行归纳、编码和统计分析。结果 本
        研究共纳入39份政策文件,共编码327条政策工具。经统计,2011-2021年,我国每年都有关于儿童用药的国家层面的政策文件
        发布,且近年来的发文较为密集。我国儿童用药政策发文主体主要是国家卫生部门和药品监管部门(71.79%,28/39),且相关部委
        单独发文的文件数量(76.92%,30/39)明显多于多部委联合发文的文件数量(23.08%,9/39)。环境型政策工具使用最多(64.83%,
        212/327),其次为供给型政策工具(30.28%,99/327),需求型政策工具运用最少(4.89%,16/327)。结论 我国的儿童用药事业发展
        正处于起步阶段。建议我国可优化供给型政策工具,增加资金投入和公共卫生服务工具的运用;调整环境型政策工具,加快儿童用药
        立法,增加激励型政策工具占比;重视需求型政策工具,加强儿童用药领域国际交流和服务外包的运用;并统筹规划各项政策工具的
        使用,协调3种政策工具及其次级政策工具的使用比例,从而增强政策工具的能动性,形成政策合力,共同促进儿童用药事业的发展。
        关键词 儿童用药;政策工具;政策分析;内容分析法

        Analysis of pediatric drug policies in China on the basis of policy tools
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        RONG Hongguo  1,2,3 ,LI Qi ,DONG Yue ,XIA Ruyu ,FEI Yutong (1. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,
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        Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;2. Institute for Excellence in Evidence-based
        Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;3. National Institute of
        Chinese Medicine Development and Strategy,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE To provide reference for the optimization and adjustment of the relevant policies in the field of
        pediatric drug in China. METHODS“Children”“pediatrics”and“drugs”were taken as the keywords to search the official websites
        of the State Council,the National Health Commission,the National Healthcare Security Administration,the State Administration
        of Market Regulation and other relevant ministries and commissions,and collect the relevant pediatric drug policies issued at the
        national level from January 1,2010 to December 31,2021. Content analysis method was used to summarize,code and statistically
        analyze the policy tools used in the policy research documents. RESULTS A total of 39 policy documents and 327 policy tools
        were included in this study. According to statistics,from 2011 to 2021,China issued national policy documents on pediatric drug
        use every year,and in recent years,the issuance of documents was relatively intensive. The main body of issuing pediatric drugs
        policy was the national health department and drug supervision and administration department(71.79%,28/39),and the number of
        documents issued by relevant ministries and commissions alone (76.92% ,30/39) was significantly more than the number of
        documents jointly issued by multiple ministries and commissions(23.08%,9/39). The environmental policy tools were the most
        widely used(64.83%,212/327),followed by supply-oriented policy tools(30.28%,99/327),and demand-oriented policy tools
                                                           were the least used (4.89% ,16/327). CONCLUSIONS The
            Δ 基 金 项 目 北 京 中 医 药 大 学 基 本 科 研 业 务 费 项 目(No.
                                                           development of pediatric drug use in China is in its infancy. It
        2021-JYB-XJSJJ-009);北 京 中 医 药 大 学 教 育 科 学 研 究 课 题(No.
                                                           is suggested that China should optimize supply-oriented policy
        XJY21013)
                                                           tools,increase capital investment and the use of public health
           *第一作者 助理研究员,博士。研究方向:卫生政策评估、卫生经
        济学评价。电话:010-64286757。E-mail:hgrong@hsc.pku.edu.cn  service tools;adjust environmental policy tools,accelerate the
           # 通信作者 教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:循证卫生政策。                 legislation of pediatric drugs,and increase the proportion of
        电话:010-64286757。E-mail:yutong_fei@163.com          incentive policy tool;attach importance to demand-oriented


        中国药房2022年第33卷第14期                                                China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 14  ·1665 ·
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