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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To study the regulation effects of Huanglian jiedu decoction on M1 and M2 macrophage polarization
in atherosclerosis(AS)model mice,and to elucidate its mechanism of AS prevention and treatment. METHODS:Sixty ApoE -/-
male mice were randomly divided into blank control group,model group,simvastatin group [positive control,5 mg/(kg·d)],
Huanglian jiedu decoction low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups [5,10,20 mg/(kg·d),by crude drug],with 10 mice in
each group. Except for blank control group,other groups were given high-fat diet to induce AS model. After modeling,
administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically;blank control group and model group were given normal saline
intragastrially,once a day,for consecutive 4 weeks. After medication,the contents of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),
low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum were detected by
automatic biochemical analyzer. Sirius red staining was used to observe the formation of collagen fibers in the aorta of mice. The
serum contents of iNOS and CD206 were determined by ELISA. mRNA expression levels of IL-1β,iNOS,TNF-α,YM1 and
Fizz1 in the aorta were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,the serum contents of TC,TG,
LDL-C and iNOS,mRNA expression levels of IL-1β,iNOS,TNF-α in the aorta were significantly increased in model group(P<
0.05 or P<0.01),while the serum contents of HDL-C and CD206 and mRNA expression levels of IL-10,YM1,Fizz1 in the aorta
were significantly decreased(P<0.01). There was a thick layer of collagen fibers under the endothelium of aorta. Compared with
model group,above serum indexes of mice were improved significantly in administration groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01);mRNA
expression levels of IL-1 ,iNOS and TNF-α in the aorta in Huanglian jiedu decoction medium-dose and high-dose groups were
decreased significantly(P<0.01),while mRNA expression levels of IL-10,YM1 and Fizz1 were increased significantly(P<0.05
or P<0.01). The vascular endothelium was relatively smooth. CONCLUSIONS:Huanglian jiedu decoction can inhibit the
polarization of M1 macrophages and promote the polarization of M2 macrophages,reduce the inflammatory reaction,maintain the
stability of atherosclerotic plaque in artery,so as to play the role of anti-AS.
KEYWORDS Huanglian jiedu decoction;Atherosclerosis;Macrophage polarization;Mice
动脉粥样硬化(AS)是一种由脂质沉积、内皮损伤、 1 材料
脂纹及纤维斑块形成等一系列病理改变而导致的慢性 1.1 主要仪器
[1]
炎症性疾病 。据《中国心血管病报告 2018》显示,随着 Filter Max F3 型酶标仪购自美国 Molecular Devices
人们生活水平的提高及饮食习惯的改变,我国心血管疾 公司;BS-220型全自动生化分析仪购自深圳迈瑞生物医
病患者呈现出低龄化趋势,且患病人数逐年攀升;同时, 疗电子有限公司;BX-2型生物显微镜购自日本Olympus
该病死亡率赶超癌症死亡率,跃居首位,成为我国重大 公司;EG1150C 型包埋机、SM2000R 型石蜡滑动式切片
[2]
公共卫生问题 。AS是诱发多种心血管疾病的病理、生 机均购自德国Leica公司;PIDRed 96型聚合酶链式反应
理基础,因此防治 AS 是降低心血管疾病发病率的重要 (PCR)扩增仪购自德国Biometra公司;Allegra X-15R型
环节之一 。研究表明,巨噬细胞在AS的发生发展中具 医用离心机购自美国Beckman Coulter公司。
[3]
[4]
有关键作用 。巨噬细胞有M1和M2两个主要分型,抑 1.2 主要药品与试剂
制 M1 型巨噬细胞极化在控制 AS 斑块形成及斑块稳定 黄连(批号190101)、黄芩(批号190144)、黄柏(批号
性方面有重要作用,而促进 M2 型巨噬细胞极化则可抑 190245)、栀子(批号 190785)药材均购自广东康美药业
制炎症反应并稳定易损斑块 。 股份有限公司,由广州中医药大学第一附属医院心血管
[5-6]
当前,临床用于治疗AS的药物众多,其中黄连解毒 内科罗川晋副主任医师鉴定均为真品。辛伐他汀片(批
汤在抗AS方面疗效确切 。黄连解毒汤首载于《肘后备 号 B14201903078,规格 20 mg)购自荷兰 Merck Sharp &
[7]
急方》,由黄连、黄柏、黄芩、栀子等4味中药组成,具有清 Dohme B. V.公司;三酰甘油(TG)试剂盒(批号23743786)、
[8]
热燥湿、泻火解毒之功效 。相关研究认为,该方可通过 总胆固醇(TC)试剂盒(批号 23451352)、低密度脂蛋白
抑制巨噬细胞炎症因子的活化而实现对AS斑块周围炎 胆固醇(LDL-C)试剂盒(批号23377461)、高密度脂蛋白
[9]
症的控制 ,但其具体作用机制尚未完全明确。鉴于巨 胆固醇(HDL-C)试剂盒(批号 23460237)均购自美国
噬细胞发生极化后可调控炎症因子的活化,对介导炎症 Thermo Fisher Scientific 公 司 ;诱 导 型 一 氧 化 氮 合 酶
的发生与发展具有重要作用 。因此,本研究通过探讨 (iNOS)酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测试剂盒(批号
[10]
黄连解毒汤对 AS 模型小鼠 M1、M2 型巨噬细胞极化的 A12257)、甘露糖受体(CD206)ELISA检测试剂盒(批号
影响,初步阐释该方防治 AS 的机制,以期为其抗 AS 治 A14319)、SYBR Green试剂盒(批号AP1479)、TRIzol试
疗新靶点的挖掘提供参考依据。 剂、天狼猩红饱和苦味酸溶液、苏木精试剂均购自美国
·940 · China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 8 中国药房 2021年第32卷第8期