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·药物与临床·

        依托咪酯联合丙泊酚用于老年患者无痛气管镜诊疗的临床观察                                                                      Δ


                         1 #
        姚晶曼    1.2* ,李元海 (1.安徽医科大学第一附属医院麻醉科,合肥 230022;2.安徽省胸科医院麻醉科,合肥
        230032)

                        +
        中图分类号 R614.2 4         文献标志码 A          文章编号 1001-0408(2020)24-3031-05
        DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.24.14

        摘  要   目的:观察依托咪酯联合丙泊酚用于老年患者无痛气管镜诊疗的疗效和安全性。方法:选择2019年10月-2020年5月
        于安徽省胸科医院内镜中心首次择期行全身麻醉下支气管镜诊疗的老年患者124例,按随机数字表法分为丙泊酚组(P组)和依托
        咪酯和丙泊酚组(EP组),每组62例。麻醉诱导时,两组患者均静脉缓慢推注枸橼酸舒芬太尼注射液5 µg。在此基础上,P组患者
        静脉注射丙泊酚乳状注射液2 mg/kg至睫毛反射消失后,再静脉泵注丙泊酚乳状注射液4 mg/(kg·h)维持镇静+注射用盐酸瑞芬太
        尼0.1~0.2 µg/(kg·min)维持镇痛;EP组患者静脉缓慢推注0.5%丙泊酚乳状注射液1 mg/kg+0.1%依托咪酯乳状注射液0.2 mg/kg
        至睫毛反射消失后,再静脉泵注0.5%丙泊酚乳状注射液+0.1%依托咪酯乳状注射液的混合乳剂(1 ∶ 1,V/V)20 mL/h维持镇静+注
        射用盐酸瑞芬太尼维持镇痛(用法用量同P组)。同时,两组患者静脉注射苯磺顺阿曲库铵0.1 mg/kg后,置入喉罩连接麻醉机进行
        机械通气后经喉罩置入气管镜进行诊疗。观察两组患者入室时(T1 )、麻醉诱导后睫毛反射消失时(T2 )、置入气管镜检查开始时
       (T3 )、检查开始10 min时(T4 )、麻醉苏醒时(T5 )、出室时(T6 )的平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR),手术时间、麻醉苏醒时间、血管活性
        药物使用情况,术后4 h认知功能以及不良反应发生情况。结果:两组各有2例患者被剔除。T1时,两组患者MAP、HR比较,差异

        均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。EP组患者各时间点MAP组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。P组患者T2时的MAP、HR和T4
        时的MAP,EP组患者T2时的HR均显著低于同组T1时,且P组T2、T4时的MAP均显著短于或低于EP组同期(P<0.05)。EP组患者
        麻醉苏醒时间、低血压发生率、血管活性药物使用率均显著低于P组;术后4 h,EP组患者记忆能力、计算能力、定向能力通过率均
        显著高于P组(P<0.05);而两组患者手术时间、注射疼痛、肌阵挛、恶心呕吐发生率以及专注能力、语言能力、结构能力、推理能力
        通过率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:依托咪酯联合丙泊酚用于老年患者无痛气管镜的疗效和安全性均较好。
        关键词 丙泊酚;依托咪酯;老年患者;气管镜;疗效;安全性

        Clinical Observation of the Application of Etomidate Combined with Propofol in Diagnosis and Treatment
        of Elderly Patients with Painless Tracheoscope
        YAO Jingman ,LI Yuanhai(1. Dept. of Anesthesiology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical
                     1,2
                                  1
        University,Hefei 230022,China;2. Dept. of Anesthesiology,Anhui Chest Hospital,Hefei 230032,China)
        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of the application of etomidate combined with propofol in
        diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with painless tracheoscope. METHODS:A total of 124 elderly patients with first
        selective bronchoscopy under general anesthesia were collected from Anhui Chest Hospital during Oct. 2019-May 2020,and then
        divided into propofol group(group P),etomidate and propofol group(group EP)according to random number table,with 62
        cases in each group. At anesthesia induction,Sufentanil citrate injection 5 µg was slowly injected into both groups. Based on this
        base,group P was given Propofol injectable emulsion 2 mg/kg intravenously;after the eyelash reflex disappeared,group P was
        given intravenous infusion of Propofol injectable emulsion 4 mg/(kg·h)to maintain sedation and Remifentanil hydrochloride for
        injection 0.1-0.2 µg/(kg·min)to maintain analgesia. Group EP was given slow intravenous injection of 0.5% Propofol injectable
        emulsion 1 mg/kg + 0.1% Etomidate injectable emulsion 0.2 mg/kg;after the eyelash reflex disappeared,group EP was given
        intravenous pump of 0.5% Propofol injectable emulsion+0.1% Etomidate injectable emulision mixture(1 ∶ 1,V/V)20 mL/h to
        maintain sedation and Remifentanil hydrochloride for injection to maintain analgesia(same usage and dosage as group P);at the
        same time,2 groups were given intravenous injection of Cisatracurium besilate for injection 0.1 mg/kg,the laryngeal mask was
        inserted into the anesthesia machine for mechanical ventilation,and then the laryngeal mask was placed into the tracheoscope for
                                                           diagnosis and treatment. Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial
           Δ 基金项目:安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(No.1704f0804021)
                                                           pressure (MAP) were observed in 2 groups at the time of
           *主治医师,硕士研究生。研究方向:临床麻醉。电话:0551-
        63615296。E-mail:704475417@qq.com                   entering the room (T1 ), at the time of eyelash reflex
           # 通信作者:主任医师,博士生导师。研究方向:脏器保护、危重                  disappearing after anesthesia induction(T2 ),at the beginning
        症学。E-mail:liyuanhai-1@163.com                      of tracheal intubation examination (T3 ),10 min after the


        中国药房    2020年第31卷第24期                                            China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 24  ·3031 ·
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