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不同产地姜黄甲醇和石油醚部位化学成分的比较分析 Δ

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方旖旎 ，王雅丽 ，陈惠琴 ，戴好富 ，关亚丽 （1.海南师范大学生命科学学院，海口 571158；2.中国热带农业
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科学院热带生物技术研究所，海口 571101）
中图分类号 R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2020）16-1989-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.16.13

摘 要 目的：比较不同产地姜黄甲醇和石油醚部位化学成分的差异。方法：采用超声法提取7个不同产地（S1～S7）姜黄并萃取
得甲醇和石油醚部位，计算其得率。采用液质联用法测定甲醇部位中的姜黄素类化合物；采用气质联用法分析石油醚部位中的化
学成分，通过与NIST 2005、Wiley275标准质谱图进行对比确定其结构，采用峰面积归一化法测定其相对百分含量；采用SPSS 25.0
软件对不同产地姜黄石油醚部位中共有成分的相对百分含量进行主成分分析和聚类分析，同时分析不同产地所在纬度对总姜黄
酮（以芳香-姜黄酮和姜黄酮计）含量的影响。结果：7个不同产地姜黄中甲醇部位的得率为1.35％～8.90％，石油醚部位的得率为
0.81％～4.90％，最高均为福建龙岩。S1、S3～S7等地姜黄中姜黄素类化合物含量（参考峰面积）无显著差异，且含量均为姜黄素
＞去甲氧基姜黄＞双去甲氧基姜黄素；S2产姜黄中姜黄素类化合物略有不同，主要表现为双去甲氧基姜黄素的含量比其他产地
更高。不同产地姜黄石油醚部位共鉴定出47种化学成分，主要为倍半萜和单萜类化合物，其中S1～S7姜黄中分别鉴定出23、10、
15、18、11、14、15 种，总相对百分含量分别为 94.49％、96.09％、95.66％、98.98％、99.24％、89.05％、97.27％；不同产地有 4 种共有
成分，为姜黄酮（17.90％～43.07％）、芳香-姜黄酮（6.97％～33.66％）、（6R，7R）-红没药烯（1.60％～4.28％）、姜黄新酮（6.80％～
20.63％）；主成分分析结果显示，姜黄中前6个主成分的累计方差贡献率为100％；聚类分析结果显示，S1、S2、S6各聚为一类，其他
聚为一类。总姜黄酮含量随着纬度的升高呈先下降后升高的趋势且以四川绵阳最高（64.28％）、福建漳州最低（26.92％）。结论：
不同产地姜黄甲醇部位姜黄素类成分及含量、石油醚部位成分及含量存在差异。
关键词 姜黄；产地；液质联用法；气质联用法；甲醇部位；石油醚部位；成分；含量

Comparative Analysis of Chemical Composition in Methanol and Petroleum Ether Fractions from
Curcuma longa of Different Habitats
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FANG Yini ，WANG Yali ，CHEN Huiqin ，DAI Haofu ，GUAN Yali（1. School of Life Science，Hainan Normal
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University，Haikou 571158，China；2. Institute of Tropical Biotechnology，Chinese Academy of Tropical
Agricultural Sciences，Haikou 571101，China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To compare the chemical composition difference in methanol and petroleum ether fraction from
Curcuma longa of different habitats. METHODS： The ultrasonic method was used to extract C. longa from 7 defferent
producingareas（S1-S7），and methanol and petroleum ether fraction were obtained and calculated yield. The curcumin compounds
in methanol fraction were determined by LC-MS；The chemical components in petroleum ether fraction were analyzed by GC-MS，
and the relative percentage content was determined by peak area normalization method after determining its structure by comparing
NIST 2005 standard mass spectra and Wiley 275 standard mass spectra. SPSS 25.0 software was used for principle component
analysis （PCA） and cluster analysis of relative percentage content of common components in petroleum ether fraction from C.
longa of different habitats. At the same time，the influence of latitude of the habitats on the content of total tumerone（by tumerone
and ar-tumerone）was analyzed. RESULTS：The yield of methanol fraction were 1.35％-8.90％ from C. longa of 7 habitats；the
yield of petroleum ether fraction were 0.81％-4.90％，which were the highest in C. longa from Longyan of Fujian Province. There
was no significant difference in the relative content of curcumin compounds（reference peak area）from S1，S3-S7，which was in
descending order as follows as curcumin＞desmethoxycurcumin＞bisdemethoxycurcumin. There was slightly different in curcumin
compounds of C. longa from S2，mainly manifesting as the content of bisdemethoxycurcumin was higher than that from other
producing areas. Totally 48 chemical compositions were identified from petroleum ether fraction in C. longa from different habitats，
mainly being sesquiterpenoids and monoterpenoids. 23，10，15，18，11，14，15 chemical compositions were identified from
S1-S7，accounting for 94.49％，96.09％，95.66％，98.98％，99.24％，89.05％ and 97.27％. There were 4 common compositions
in C. longa from different habitats，which were tumerone（17.90％-43.07％），ar-tumerone（6.97％-33.66％），（6R，7R）-bisabolone
（1.60％ -4.28％），curlone （6.80％ -20.63％）. PCA analysis showed that accumulative contribution rate of former 6 principle
components was 100％. Cluster analysis showed that S1，S2，
Δ 基金项目：海南省重点科技计划项目（No.ZDYF2018159）
S6 was clustered into a category，respecrively；and others into
＊硕士研究生。研究方向：生物学。E-mail：657223492@qq.com
# 通信作者：副教授，博士。研究方向：植物生态学。电话：0896- a category. Total content of total tumerone decreased first and
65813436。E-mail：544758563@qq.com then increased as the increase of latitude， which was the

中国药房 2020年第31卷第16期 China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 16 ·1989 ·