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基于3D景深合成技术的蝉蜕药材鉴别研究                                               Δ


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        郭利霄 ,薛紫鲸 ,侯芳洁 ,孙宝惠 ,郑玉光 ,郑 倩 (1.河北中医学院药学院,石家庄 050200;2.石家庄以
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        岭药业股份有限公司,石家庄 050035;3.石家庄市中医院药剂科,石家庄 050051)
        中图分类号 R931.5         文献标志码 A           文章编号 1001-0408(2020)04-0447-05
        DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.04.11
        摘  要   目的:建立蝉蜕药材的现场快速鉴别方法。方法:采用3D景深合成技术,从样品喙的长短、上唇的大小及明显程度、下唇
        突出的程度及其上横沟的颜色、足部主刺和侧刺的数量以及形态、腹部气门的明显程度、腹板数目、侧板的数目及形态、背板环数、
        尾器等方面对50批蝉蜕及其混淆品样品进行鉴别。结果:50批样品中,S1~S5、S26~S30、S36~S50为真品蝉蜕;S21~S25为真
        品蝉蜕增重后的混淆品;S31~S35为真品蝉蜕提取后的混淆品;S6~S20分别为焰螓蝉、山蝉、北京僚蝉蜕皮,均为混淆品。蝉蜕
        与其混淆品的主要鉴别特征为真品蝉蜕腹部腹面呈三角形,其余品种腹部腹面近平行;山蝉蜕皮气门明显,其余品种气门不明显;
        山蝉蜕皮尾器侧面观较其余品种尖锐;焰螓蝉蜕皮前足副刺和端刺呈锐角,北京僚蝉蜕皮前足副刺和端刺呈钝角。结论:该方法
        简便、可靠,可用于现场快速鉴别蝉蜕及其混淆品种。
        关键词 3D景深合成技术;蝉蜕;混淆品;现场快速鉴别

        Identification Study on Cryptotympana pustulata Ecdysis Based on 3D Depth of Field Synthesis Technology
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        GUO Lixiao ,XUE Zijing ,HOU Fangjie ,SUN Baohui ,ZHENG Yuguang ,ZHENG Qian (1. School of
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        Pharmacy,Hebei University of TCM,Shijiazhuang 050200,China;2. Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co.,
        Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050035, China; 3. Dept. of Pharmacy, Shijiazhuang Hospital of TCM, Shijiazhuang
        050051,China)
        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE:To establish the rapid field identification method of Cryptotympana pustulata ecdysis. METHODS:
        3D depth of field synthesis technology was used to identify 50 batches of C. pustulata ecdysis and its adulterants from the length
        of beak,size and protrusion degree of upper labial base,the protrusion degree of the lower labial base ecdysis and the color of its
        upper transverse groove,the number and shape of main and lateral spines on the foot,significance of abdominal valves,the
        number of webs,the number and shape of side plates,the number of tergum rings,terminaliae,etc. RESULTS:Among 50
        batches of samples,S1-S5,S26-S30,S36-S50 were C. pustulata ecdysis;S21-S25 was adulterants of C. pustulata ecdysis after
        weight gain;S31-S35 was adulterants of C. pustulata ecdysis after extraction;S6-S20 were ecdysis from Tibicen flammatus,C.
        flammatta,Lyristes pekinensis,all of which were adulterants. The main distinguishing feature of C. pustulata ecdysis and its
        adulterants was that abdomen and ventral surface of C. pustulata ecdysis were triangular,and the abdomen and ventral surface of
        other species was nearly parallel;the valve of C. flammatta ecdysis was obvious,but those of other varieties were not obvious;the
        lateral appearance of terminaliae of C. flammatta ecdysis was sharper than those of other species;there was an acute angle between
        the front foot accessory thorns and the end thorns of the T. flammatus ecdysis,and an obtuse angle between the front foot accessory
        thorns and the end thorns of the L. pekinensis ecdysis. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,reliable and suitable for rapid field
        identification of C. pustulata ecdysis and its adulterants.
        KEYWORDS    3D depth of field synthesis technology;Cryptotympana pustulata ecdysis;Adulterants;Rapid field identification



            蝉蜕是一味常用动物药,为蝉科昆虫黑蚱(Crypto-                     具有镇咳、祛痰、平喘、抗惊厥、解热消炎、清除自由基等
        tympana pustulata Fabricius)的若虫羽化时脱落的皮壳,           作用,临床上多用于小儿夜啼、麻疹透发不畅、咽喉肿
                                                   [1]
        具有疏散风热、利咽、透疹、明目退翳、解痉的功效 ,其                         痛、破伤风等症的治疗          [2-7] ,其成品制剂有建民咽喉片、小
        主要化学成分为甲壳质、氨基酸、蛋白质和微量元素等,                          儿柴桂退热颗粒 。全世界约有蝉科动物3 000余种,我
                                                                          [1]
           Δ 基金项目:国家中医药管理局全国名老中医药专家传承工作室                   国已知约210种,主要为黑蝉属、琴蝉属和尼蝉属,各省
                                                                                 [8]
        建设项目;河北省现代农业产业技术体系中药材产业创新团队建设项                     均有分布,且以南方为主 。《中华本草》中记载,同科动
        目;河北中医学院“大学生创新创业训练计划”项目;河北中医学院教                    物鸣蝉(Oncotym pana maulatilouis Motsch.)、朝鲜黑背
        育教学改革研究项目(No.18yb-30)
                                                           鸣蝉(O. coreana Kato.)、山蝉(Cicada flammata Dist.)、
           * 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :中 药 资 源 与 鉴 定 。 电 话 :0311-                                    [9]
                                                           蚱蝉(C. atrata Fabricius.)等均可同等入药 。全国中药
        89926753。E-mail:15633859849@163.com
                                                                                                        [10]
                                                           材及中药饮片抽验结果显示,蝉蜕不合格率为 35% ,
           # 通信作者:主任中药师,硕士生导师,硕士。研究方向:中药资
        源与鉴定。电话:0311-68068102。E-mail:394012759@qq.com      其主要原因为性状不符合2015年版《中国药典》(一部)
        中国药房    2020年第31卷第4期                                               China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 4  ·447  ·
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