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鸡矢藤的药用情况考证 Δ

3 #
高天元 1，2＊ ，马 羚 ，蒋桂华 （1.成都中医药大学药学院，成都 611137；2.重庆三峡医药高等专科学校药学院，
2
重庆 404120；3.成都中医药大学民族医药学院，成都 611137）

中图分类号 R281 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2020）01-0067-08
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.01.12

摘 要 目的：对民族药鸡矢藤进行本草考证，为鸡矢藤的进一步研究及综合开发利用提供参考。方法：通过对《本草纲目拾遗》
《植物名实图考》等5部本草，以及1960年至2016年间发行的《中华本草》《中国植物志》等55部现代本草著作及若干文献整合梳
理，对鸡矢藤的名称、基原、产地、采收加工、性味归经等药用情况进行考证，并主要厘清其主流品种，整理其在各民族中的使用情
况，结果与结论：经考证“鸡矢藤”之名，始载于清代《植物名实图考》；鸡矢藤的主流品种为茜草科鸡矢藤属鸡矢藤Paederia scan-
dens（Lour.）Merr.，又名鸡屎藤，药用部位为地上部分，生长于海拔200～2 000 m的山坡、林中、林缘、沟谷边灌丛中或缠绕在灌木
上，主产于中国长江流域及其以南各地；加工方式多为阴干或除去杂质、洗净、切段、晒干；其性味甘、涩，平，功能主治为消食、止
痛、解毒、祛湿，可用于食积不化、胸胁脘腹疼痛以及湿疹、疮疡肿痛等症，其在我国苗族、土家族、壮族等多个民族中均有使用。但
是目前存在市场流通中多品种混杂、加工方式不统一等问题；这些都为鸡矢藤的质量标准研究带来诸多挑战。
关键词 民族药；鸡矢藤；名称；基原植物；药用部位；采收加工；性味归经；考证

Textual Research on the Medical Use of Paederiae Herba
GAO Tianyuan ，MA Ling ，JIANG Guihua（1.School of Pharmacy，Chengdu University of TCM，Chengdu
1，2
3
2
611137，China；2.School of Pharmacy，Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College，Chongqing 404120，China；
3.School of Ethnic Medicine，Chengdu University of TCM，Chengdu 611137，China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To make a textual research on ethnic medicine Paederiae Herba，and to provide reference for further
research and comprehensive development and utilization of Paederiae Herba. METHODS：Five materia medica works such as
Compendium of Materia Medica Collection and Examination of Plant Names and Actual Maps，55 modern materia medica works
such as Chinese materia medica and Flora of China published from 1960 to 2016，and a number of literatures were synthesized and
sorted out. The name，original species，origins，harvesting and processing，flavor and meridian tropism and so on of P. scandens
were studied. Its mainstream varieties were mainly clarified and use of them in various nationalities were sorted out. RESULTS &
CONCLUSIONS：The name of“Paederiae Herba”was first recorded in the Qing Dynasty’s Examination of Plant Names and
Actual Maps. The main variety of Paederiae Herba was Paederia scandens （Lour.） Merr.，also known as “Jishiteng”. The
medicinal part was the aboveground part. It distributed in bushes of hillsides，forests，forest margins，valleys and shrubs at an
altitude of 200 to 2 000 meters or wound around shrubs. It was mainly produced in the Yangtze River Valley of China and its
southern regions. The processing methods are mostly shade-drying or removing impurities，washing，cutting and drying. Its sweet，
astringent，flat，and it can be used for digestion，pain relief，detoxification and clearing damp，and can be used for food retention，
chest，abdomen and abdomen pain，eczema，sores，swelling and pain. It was used in the folk of Miao，Tujia and Zhuang
nationalities in China. There are still some problems such as mixed varieties and different processing methods in the market
circulation. All these have brought many challenges to the research of quality standard of Paederiae Herba.
KEYWORDS Ethnic medicine；Paederiae Herba；Name；Original species；Medicinal parts；Harvesting and processing；Flavor
and meridian tropism；Textual research

鸡矢藤 Paederia scandens（Lour.）Merr.是常用民间 药，在我国多民族中药用历史悠久，其功能主治包括消
Δ 基金项目：国家中医药管理局中药标准化项目（No.ZYB- 食、止痛、解毒、祛湿，可用于食积不化、胸胁脘腹疼痛，
[1]
ZH-Y-SC-42）；四川省科技计划项目（No.2016JY0076） 以及湿疹、疮疡肿痛等症 。多部本草典籍中对鸡矢藤
＊ 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 ：中 药 品 种 与 质 量 。 E-mail： 进行了收载，但由于鸡矢藤别名众多、来源复杂等情况，
1278017375@qq.com
给鸡矢藤的深入研究带来一定困扰。因此，本研究对历
# 通信作者：教授，博士。研究方向：中药品种与质量。E-mail：
11469413@qq.com 代本草及现代文献专著中鸡矢藤名称、基原、产地、采收

中国药房 2020年第31卷第1期 China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 1 ·67 ·