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镰形棘豆炮制品改善大鼠肾纤维化的作用及机制研究
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          张 晴 ，马新换 ，杨明静 ，徐志伟 ，王文婧 ，宋 慧（1.甘肃中医药大学药学院，兰州 730030；2.甘肃省第
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          二人民医院药学部，兰州 730099；3.甘肃省中医院科研制剂中心，兰州 730050）
          中图分类号  R965      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408（2026）09-1167-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.09.10
          摘  要  目的  研究镰形棘豆炮制品对肾纤维化（RF）大鼠的改善作用及机制。方法  采用腺嘌呤构建 RF 模型大鼠。造模成功
          后，将大鼠分为模型组、阳性对照组（秋水仙碱，0.45 mg/kg）及镰形棘豆炮制品低、中、高剂量组（0.5、1、2 g/kg），另设不造模的空白
          组，每组8只。阳性对照组和镰形棘豆炮制品各剂量组大鼠灌胃相应药液，空白组和模型组大鼠灌胃等体积生理盐水，每天1次，
          连续28 d。观察大鼠肾脏外观和肾组织病理学形态；检测大鼠血清中肾功能指标[血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）]和炎症因子[白细胞
          介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）]水平；检测大鼠肾组织中纤连蛋白（FN）、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）、Ⅰ型胶原（Col-Ⅰ）
          表达水平；检测肾组织中转化生长因子β1 （TGF-β1 ）、Smad3、胞外信号调节激酶1（ERK1）、ERK2 mRNA表达水平以及TGF-β1蛋白
          表达水平和Smad3、ERK1/2蛋白磷酸化水平。结果  与空白组比较，模型组大鼠肾脏体积增大，颜色苍白且表面粗糙不平；肾小管
          可见大量炎症细胞浸润和空泡化细胞，胶原纤维增生明显；血清中BUN、Cr、IL-6、TNF-α水平，肾组织中α-SMA、Col-Ⅰ、FN蛋白
          和 TGF-β1、Smad3、ERK1、ERK2 mRNA 表达水平以及 TGF-β1蛋白表达水平和 Smad3、ERK1/2 蛋白磷酸化水平均显著升高（P＜
          0.05）。与模型组比较，镰形棘豆炮制品各剂量组大鼠肾脏病理改变减轻，炎症细胞浸润和胶原纤维增生减少；上述定量指标水平
          均显著逆转（P＜0.05）。结论  镰形棘豆炮制品可改善RF大鼠肾功能，减轻炎症反应和胶原纤维异常沉积，其作用机制可能与抑
          制TGF-β1/Smad信号通路活性有关。
          关键词  镰形棘豆；炮制品；肾纤维化；TGF-β1/Smad信号通路；胶原纤维沉积

          Study on the effect and mechanism of processed Oxytropis falcata in improving renal fibrosis in rats
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          ZHANG Qing ，MA Xinhuan ，YANG Mingjing ，XU Zhiwei ，WANG Wenjing ，SONG Hui （1.  School  of
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          Pharmacy，  Gansu  University  of  Chinese  Medicine，  Lanzhou  730030，  China；2.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy，  Second
          People’s  Hospital  of  Gansu  Province，  Lanzhou  730099，  China；3.  Scientific  Research  and  Preparation  Center，
          Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM， Lanzhou 730050， China）
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effect and mechanism of processed Oxytropis falcata on renal fibrosis
         （RF） in rats. METHODS RF model was induced by adenine. After modeling， the rats were divided into the model group， positive
          control  group （colchicine，  0.45  mg/kg），  and  processed  O.  falcata  low- ，  medium-  and  high-dose  groups （0.5，  1，  2  g/kg），
          respectively. Additionally，  a  blank  group  without  modeling  was  set  up，  with  8  rats  in  each  group.  The  positive  control  group  and
          the various dosage groups of processed O. falcata were given the corresponding medicinal solutions intragastrically， while the blank
          group  and  model  group  were  given  equal  volume  of  normal  saline  intragastrically，  once  daily  for  28  consecutive  days.  The
          appearance and histopathological morphology of the rats’ kidneys were observed. Serum levels of renal function indexes [blood urea
          nitrogen （BUN），  creatinine （Cr）]  and  inflammatory  factors  [interleukin-6 （IL-6）  and  tumor  necrosis  factor-α （TNF-α）  ]  in  rats
          were  detected.  Protein  expressions  of  fibronectin （FN），  α-smooth  muscle  actin （α-SMA）  and  collagen  type  Ⅰ （Col-Ⅰ）  in  renal
          tissue  of  rats  were  determined.  mRNA  expressions  of  transforming  growth  factor-β1 （TGF-β1 ），  Smad3  and  extracellular  signal-
          regulated  kinase  1/2 （ERK1/2）  in  renal  tissues  were  measured.  Protein  expression  of TGF-β1  and  phosphorylation  levels  of  Smad3
          and  ERK1/2  in  renal  tissues  were  detected.  RESULTS  Compared  with  the  blank  group，  the  rats  in  the  model  group  exhibited
          enlarged  kidneys  with  pale  color，  rough  and  uneven  surface.  There  was  a  significant  infiltration  of  inflammatory  cells  and
          vacuolated cells in the renal tubules， along with marked proliferation of collagen fibers. Serum levels of BUN， Cr， IL-6 and TNF-
          α， protein expressions of α-SMA， Col-Ⅰ and FN in renal tissues， mRNA expressions of TGF-β1， Smad3， ERK1 and ERK2 and
          protein  expression  of TGF-β1  as  well  as  phosphorylation  levels  of  Smad3  and  ERK1/2  in  renal  tissues  were  increased  significantly
                                                            （P＜0.05）.  Compared  with  the  model  group，  renal
                                                             pathological  changes  of  rats  were  alleviated  in  processed  O.
             Δ 基金项目 甘肃省中医药科研课题（No.GZKP-2022-44）；兰州市
                                                             falcata  groups，  with  reduced  infiltration  of  inflammatory  cells
          科技计划项目（No.2025-3-088，No.2022-3-7）；兰州市城关区科技计划
          项目（No.2025KJZC00030）                               and  proliferation  of  collagen  fibers.  The  levels  of  the
             ＊第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向：中药炮制与制药工艺。                     aforementioned  quantitative  indicators  were  all  significantly
          E-mail：2093434475@qq.com                           reversed （P＜0.05）.  CONCLUSIONS  Processed  O.  falcata
             # 通信作者 主任中药师，硕士生导师。研究方向：中药制剂新工                  can  improve  renal  function  in  RF  rats，  alleviate  inflammatory
          艺。E-mail：421509223@qq.com                          responses，  and  reduce  abnormal  collagen  fiber  deposition.  Its


          中国药房  2026年第37卷第9期                                                China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 9    · 1167 ·
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