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by the State Intellectual Property Office and the European Patent Office Espacenet were retrieved from the inception to Dec. 31st，
2019. After the initial examination，a second search was conducted based on the keywords such as“Stomachache”“Fuliang”
“Accumulation”“Cancer of stomach”“Gastric”and their synonyms. Each literature was read one by one and screened manually.
Excel 2007 software was used to input general information of included patents. SPSS modeler 15.0 software and SPSS 22.0
software were used for association rule analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of TCM used more than 30 times and top 30
frequently used. Based on patent analysis，internal strength（S），weakness（W），external opportunity（O）and threat（T）of TCM
for treating gastric cancer were analyzed；based on this，four different types of combination strategies were formulated. RESULTS
& CONCLUSIONS：Finally，385 patents were obtained，including 379 domestic patents （98.44％） and 6 foreign patents
（1.56％）. The number of patent applications and applicants of TCM for treating gastric cancer in China was on the rise during
1994-2016. The commonly used TCM for treating gastric cancer were mainly tonifying deficiency drugs and heat clearing drugs，
and the meridian tropism were mostly the stomach meridian and spleen meridian. According to the efficacy，the commonly used
drug combinations include the combination of tonifying spleen and Qi，the combination of anti-cancer and detoxification，and the
combination of drying dampness and resolving phlegm. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis showed that Poria cocos，
Atractylodes macrocephala，Astragalus membranaceus，Scutellaria barbata，Hedyotis diffusa and Glycyrrhiza uralensis were
clustered into one category and the common combination for treating gastric cancer. The remaining cluster distributions are also in
line with the characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment. Strength of domestic TCM patents for treating gastric
cancer were that the number of patents in China was taking a leading position in the world，the patent system of key applicants was
mature，the combination of compound patents embodied the characteristics of disease and dialectical theory. Weakness included low
patent authorization rate，to-be-improved effectiveness and safety studies of TCM patents，weak development of TCM extract
patents，low degree of patent internationalization and hanging same-family patents. Opportunities were that the demand for drugs
for gastric cancer was increasing with each passing day，and natione actively support the development of the TCM industry. Threats
were that competitors in the international market had the potential to seize the market. The development of TCM for treating gastric
cancer in China should take market demand and national policy support as an opportunity，learn from TCM patent characteristic
system of key applicants，continue to give full play to the advantages of TCM in prevention and syndrome differentiation of
disease，pay more efforts to the development of weak links such as TCM extracts，safety and effectiveness，improve the
international competitiveness in the field of patents，while establish a warning and navigation analysis system for patents to
effectively reduce the intellectual property threats and risks of invention patents of China in the international environment.
KEYWORDS Gastric cancer；TCM；Invention patents；Data mining；Patent analysis；SWOT model

原发性胃癌是指发生在胃上皮组织的恶性肿瘤，临 专利局（EPO）专利数据库（Espacenet），依据世界知识产
床多见腹部疼痛、消化道出血、穿孔、梗阻等症状，并伴 权组织（WIPO）公布的 2019 年版《国际专利分类表》中
有消瘦、乏力、代谢障碍等全身症状，具有早期起病隐 的国际专利分类号（以下简称“IPC号”）进行检索 ，检索
[5]
[1]
匿、中晚期易转移与复发、患者临床预后差等特点 。根 范围为ICP A61P（化合物或药物制剂的治疗活性），专利
据世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构（IARC）发布的全球 公开日、申请人等检索项均不作限定。国家知识产权局
肿瘤报告（GLOBOCAN）显示，我国胃癌患者占全世界 的检索式为：名称 OR 摘要 OR 权利要求书＝（胃癌 OR
患者总数的40％，2014年国内胃癌的发病率为30人/10万
胃恶性肿瘤）and（中医OR中药），Espacenet的检索式为：
[2]
人，病死率为 21.48 人/10 万人，均高于世界平均水平 。 title OR abstract＝（Stomach cancer OR Gastric carcino-
可见，胃癌已成为一种严重危害我国人民健康的重大疾
ma OR Gastric cancer）AND（Chinese medicine OR
病，胃癌防治已成为我国一项非常重要的公共卫生问题。 Herb）。检索时间均为建库起至 2019 年 12 月 31 日。初
相关研究证实，中医药在改善胃癌患者生存质量和
检后，结合“胃脘痛”“伏梁”“积聚”“Cancer of stomach”
[3]
延长生存期等方面具有一定的优势 。发明专利文献是
“Gastric”等关键词及其同义词进行二次检索，并对每篇
行业核心技术信息载体，是科研活动过程中技术成果最
文献进行逐一阅读和人工筛选。
[4]
直接的体现 ，通过对专利信息分析，能为中药治疗胃癌
1.2 纳入与排除标准
的后续研究提供重要依据。基于此，本研究拟采用专利
分析法和 SWOT 分析法对我国治疗胃癌中药发明专利 纳入标准：研究对象为治疗胃癌的中药发明专利，
发展中存在的优劣势以及面临的机遇和威胁进行归纳 其主治的胃癌分期和组织学分型均不限；专利说明书中
和分析，并在此基础上提出发展策略建议，以期为我国 提供了具体的治疗方案，包括中药单体（中药提取物）、
治疗胃癌中药的专利研发和布局提供参考。 单味中药、中药复方和中药、化学药混合应用但以中药
1 资料与方法 为主的复方。
1.1 资料检索与筛选 排除标准：实用新型和外观发明专利；发明内容不
检索国家知识产权局专利检索及分析系统和欧洲 属于中药防治胃癌的专利。

·2178 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 18 中国药房 2020年第31卷第18期