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骨组织的侵蚀与破坏。                                              STAT3磷酸化减轻小鼠内皮炎症改善动脉粥样硬化[J].
              本研究还探讨了高良姜素对滑膜组织细胞凋亡的                               中南药学,2023,21(6):1472-1479.
          影响。细胞凋亡与生物发育等过程密切相关,滑膜组织                           [ 6 ]  梁霄,李娅兰,张筠昊,等. 基于TLR2/p38 MAPK/NF-κB
                                                 [12]
          细胞自噬异常及凋亡与RA发生发展密切相关 。本研                                信号通路探讨独活寄生汤对类风湿性关节炎大鼠的抗
          究结果显示,高良姜素可剂量依赖性地上调促凋亡蛋白                                炎作用及机制[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(11):
                                                                  43-52.
          Bax、caspase-3的表达,下调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达,推
                                                             [ 7 ]  张秋霞,许春梅,林文静,等 . 高良姜素调节 SDF-1/
          测该成分可能通过诱导滑膜组织持续自噬状态而启动
                                                                  CXCR4 信号通路对肾病综合征大鼠免疫功能的影响
          细胞凋亡程序,抑制细胞异常增殖,从而缓解关节软骨
                                                                  [J]. 中国免疫学杂志,2025,41(8):1945-1950.
          及骨组织的侵蚀与破坏。
                                                             [ 8 ]  YANG J J,LIU J Y,LI J,et al. Celastrol inhibits rheuma‐
              JAK3/STAT3是关键的免疫调节与细胞增殖信号转                          toid arthritis by inducing autophagy via inhibition of the
          导通路,在RA中,该通路的持续激活与滑膜组织病理变                               PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway[J]. Int Immunophar‐
                                                      [13]
          化密切相关,从而推动慢性滑膜炎症的发生发展 。                                 macol,2022,112:109241.
          JAK3 缺失会导致淋巴细胞介导的促炎或抗炎功能异                          [ 9 ]  杨青,黄伟,刘清毅,等. 高良姜素对膝关节炎大鼠软骨
          常,从而影响免疫系统整体功能,因此其抑制剂是具有                                细胞自噬和凋亡的影响[J]. 中国药房,2025,36(3):
                                    [14]
          临床应用前景的 RA 治疗药物 。STAT3 作为 JAK3 激                        312-317.
          酶下游底物,在RA发生发展中扮演核心致病角色,降低                          [10]  MISRA S,BAGCHI A,SARKAR A,et al. Methotrexate
                                                      [15]
          其表达有望抑制RA滑膜细胞生长、增殖及凋亡抵抗 。                               and  theaflavin-3,3′-digallate  synergistically  restore  the
          本研究结果显示,高良姜素可剂量依赖性地降低JAK3、                              balance  between  apoptosis  and  autophagy  in  synovial  fi‐
                                                                  broblast of RA:an ex vivo approach with cultured human
          STAT3 的磷酸化水平。这提示,高良姜素改善 RA 的炎
                                                                  RA FLS[J]. Inflammopharmacology,2021,29(5):1427-
          症损伤可能与抑制JAK3/STAT3通路有关。
                                                                  1442.
              综上所述,高良姜素可诱导 RA 大鼠滑膜组织细胞
                                                             [11]  HAO F,WANG Q,LIU L,et al. Effect of moxibustion on
          持续自噬、促进细胞凋亡、抑制滑膜细胞增生、减轻持续
                                                                  autophagy  and  the  inflammatory  response  of  synovial
          性炎症反应,上述抗RA作用可能与其抑制JAK3/STAT3                           cells  in  rheumatoid  arthritis  model  rat[J].  J  Tradit  Chin
          通路有关。这一发现为高良姜素作为RA治疗候选药物                                Med,2022,42(1):73-82.
          提供了科学依据,未来需进一步探索其临床应用价值。                           [12]  ZHANG  Y  Q,SHI  J  C,XIE  Y  M,et  al.  Exploring  the
          参考文献                                                    supplementary  potential  of  all-trans  retinoic  acid  with
          [ 1 ]  CANNING  J,SIEBERT  S,JANI  B  D,et  al.  Examining   methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis:modulation of syno‐
              the  relationship  between  rheumatoid  arthritis,multimor‐  vial cell apoptosis and autophagy[J]. Clin Exp Rheumatol,
              bidity  and  adverse  health-related  outcomes:a  systematic   2024,42(7):1387-1397.
              review  protocol[J].  J  Comorb,2020,10:2235042X209-  [13]  ZHENG Y X,WEI K,JIANG P,et al. Macrophage polari-
              06657.                                              zation  in  rheumatoid  arthritis:signaling  pathways,meta‐
          [ 2 ]  CHEN  B  J,WANG  F  Q,ZHANG  Y,et  al.  PTEN-    bolic  reprogramming,and  crosstalk  with  synovial  fibro‐
              mediated  FOXO  signaling  affects  autophagy,migration   blasts[J]. Front Immunol,2024,15:1394108.
              and  invasion  of  rheumatoid  arthritis  fibroblast-like  syno-  [14]  CHEN  C  J,YIN  Y,SHI  G  N,et  al. A  highly  selective
              viocytes[J]. Tissue Cell,2024,86:102278.            JAK3 inhibitor is developed for treating rheumatoid arthri‐
          [ 3 ]  XIAO T,CHENG X Y,ZHI Y,et al. Ameliorative effect   tis  by  suppressing  γc  cytokine-related  JAK-STAT  signal
              of Alangium chinense(Lour.)Harms on rheumatoid arthri‐  [J]. Sci Adv,2022,8(33):eabo4363.
              tis  by  reducing  autophagy  with  targeting  regulate  JAK3-  [15]  YANG Y,LIN  S  D,YANG  Z,et  al.  Circ_0001947  pro‐
              STAT3 and COX-2 pathways[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2024,  motes  cell  proliferation,invasion,migration  and  inflam‐
              319(Pt. 1):117133.                                  mation and inhibits apoptosis in human rheumatoid arthri‐
          [ 4 ]  WANG D B,CHEN J R,PU L,et al. Galangin:a food-   tis  fibroblast-like  synoviocytes  through  miR-671-5p/
              derived  flavonoid  with  therapeutic  potential  against  a   STAT3 axis[J]. J Orthop Surg Res,2022,17(1):54.
              wide  spectrum  of  diseases[J].  Phytother  Res,2023,37      (收稿日期:2025-12-19  修回日期:2026-03-06)
              (12):5700-5723.                                                                     (编辑:李 劲)
          [ 5 ]  陈杨,喻霞,赵紫玄,等 . 高良姜素通过抑制 JAK2-









          中国药房  2026年第37卷第6期                                                 China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 6    · 769 ·
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